Acts of terrorism were not in the focus of attention in Hungary until now. Basically, terrorism used to be examined in the international context by people in charge of the issue and by researchers. In the last 25 years, experts gained a lot of experience while dealing with this issue. In the author’s view, internal terrorism is the ultimate form of political extremism; it had existed in Hungary in the past, exists in the present and presumably will exist in the future too. The identified phenomena and contexts can help in the interpretation of today's processes and also in successfully and professionally preventing the expected risks.

Gornja Maoca is located approximately 150 kilometres from the Hungarian border. The Mujahedeen, who remained in the region from the Balkan Wars, form a tightly knit community with the Muslim natives. These communities reject the Bosnian state authority and had established their own community, including their own education system. Education, the judiciary, etc. are based on the Muslim religion. They do not even let the police enter the small villages, and armed guards protect the entrances. Because of all this, illegal activities flourish, laying good foundations for the two biggest security risks: organized crime and terrorism.

Hungarian criminal law currently in force is not suitable to successfully fight terrorism and the financing of terrorism (Hungarian legislators are not to be blamed for this: one cannot fight successfully terrorism or terrorism financing using only tools of criminal law). Accordingly, it is necessary to establish an organization whose most important task is to prevent terrorism and other relevant criminal acts effectively, and which has the proper skills, staff and assets to comply with its obligations.

The aim of this study is to present the international implications of the Syrian civil war that emerged as a consequence of the insurgency against the Syrian government in March 2011, and to assess its international consequences and the possible outcome. The Syrian civil war has been going on for more than two years and several members of the international community have taken sides either with the Syrian government or with the Syrian opposition. The outcome of the civil war may significantly affect the power structure in the Middle East. The fall of the Assad regime may change fundamentally the regional status quo, which became unstable due to the events of the Arab Spring.

Christians all over the world live under varying security circumstances. Religious conflicts, organizations with extreme religious principles take, in most cases, their toll on Christ’s faithful and Christian holy places. This study attempts to present all the challenges and factors that threaten Christians. With this general presentation the study aims to point out that such religious and ethical tensions are almost always treated as the foremost challenge in security documents. The study also covers the measures taken by Christian religious communities – especially the Catholic Church, having the greatest influence on foreign policy – as answers to the attacks, as well as the general situation that had evolved in the region. The areas and countries presented are limited due to the lack of space. The study strived to provide a broader picture of religious conflicts, particularly from the point of view of Christianity, and to draw some conclusions.